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Ringer's lactate solution, also known as Ringer-Locke's solution, is a solution that is isotonic with blood. It is intended for intravenous administration in humans, but in veterinary use may also be given subcutaneously. Ringer's lactate solution is grouped with intravenous fluids known as "crystalloids", which include saline and dextrose solutions (compared to the "colloids" which contain larger molecules such as starch or gelatine). Ringer's lactate solution is abbreviated as "LR", "RL" or "LRS". It is also known as lactated Ringer's solution (although Ringer's solution technically refers only to the saline component, without lactate). It is very similar, though not identical, to Hartmann's solution, which is more commonly found in British and Irish hospitals and has slightly different ionic concentrations. == Medical uses == Ringer's lactate solution is very often used for fluid resuscitation after a blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or a burn injury. It has been used to induce urine output in patients with renal failure. Ringer's lactate solution is used because the by-products of lactate metabolism in the liver counteract acidosis, which is a chemical imbalance that occurs with acute fluid loss or renal failure.〔 The IV dose of Ringer's lactate solution is usually calculated by estimated fluid loss and presumed fluid deficit. For fluid resuscitation the usual rate of administration is 20 to 30 ml/kg body weight/hour. LR is not suitable for maintenance therapy (i.e., maintenance fluids) because the sodium content (130 mEq/L) is considered too low, particularly for children, and the potassium content (4 mEq/L) is too low, in view of electrolyte daily requirement. Moreover, since the lactate is converted into bicarbonate longterm use will cause patients to become alkalotic. Ringer's lactate and other crystalloids are also used as vehicles for the IV delivery of drugs. In a large-volume resuscitation over several hours, LRS maintains a more stable blood pH as compared to normal saline.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lactated Ringer's solution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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